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A4WSN: an architecture-driven modelling platform for analysing and developing WSNs

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Abstract

This paper proposes A4WSN, an architecture-driven modelling platform for the development and the analysis of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). A WSN consists of spatially distributed sensor nodes that cooperate in order to accomplish a specific task. Sensor nodes are cheap, small, and battery-powered devices with limited processing capabilities and memory. WSNs are mostly developed directly on the top of the operating system. They are tied to the hardware configuration of the sensor nodes, and their design and implementation can require cooperation with a myriad of system stakeholders with different backgrounds. The peculiarities of WSNs and current development practices bring a number of challenges, ranging from hardware and software coupling, limited reuse, and the late assessment of WSN quality properties. As a way to overcome a number of existing limitations, this study presents a multi-view modelling approach that supports the development and analysis of WSNs. The framework uses different models to describe the software architecture, hardware configuration, and physical deployment of a WSN. A4WSN allows engineers to perform analysis and code generation in earlier stages of the WSN development life cycle. The A4WSN platform can be extended with third-party plug-ins providing additional analysis or code generation engines. We provide evidence of the applicability of the proposed platform by developing PlaceLife, an A4WSN plug-in for estimating the WSN lifetime by taking various physical obstacles in the deployment environment into account. In turn, PlaceLife has been applied to a real-world case study in the health care domain as a running example.

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Notes

  1. http://www.dependability.org/.

  2. It stands for Architecting platform for (4) Wireless Sensor Networks.

  3. http://a4wsn.di.univaq.it/.

  4. http://www.tinyos.net/.

  5. Object Constraint Language (OCL) specification: http://www.omg.org/spec/OCL/2.3.1.

  6. Also the Messages Manager interacts with the UI of the A4WSN platform; however, its impact to the UI is much more limited than that of UI Manager.

  7. http://wiki.eclipse.org/FAQ_What_are_extensions_and_extension_points%3F.

  8. http://www.omnetpp.org/.

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Acknowledgements

Funding was provided by RIDITT (Grant No. Italian government).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Ivano Malavolta

  2. Computer Science Department, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy

    Leonardo Mostarda

  3. Department of Information Engineering, Computer Science, and Mathematics - DISIM, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy

    Henry Muccini

  4. Computer Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Northern Cyprus Campus, Güzelyurt, Mersin 10, Turkey

    Enver Ever

  5. Wireless Innovation Networking Group, Altiux Innovations Inc., San Jose, USA

    Krishna Doddapaneni

  6. Computer Design Engineering, Middlesex University, London, UK

    Orhan Gemikonakli

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  1. Ivano Malavolta
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Correspondence to Leonardo Mostarda.

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Communicated by Professor Gregor Engels.

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Malavolta, I., Mostarda, L., Muccini, H. et al. A4WSN: an architecture-driven modelling platform for analysing and developing WSNs. Softw Syst Model 18, 2633–2653 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-018-0687-0

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