虽然不是必需的,但某些测试场景需要创建非生产 Matter 证书。
Google 生态系统的某些功能(包括设备 OTA 软件更新)无法使用测试 VID/PID 执行。
本指南介绍了如何创建和验证非生产环境 Matter 证书以用于测试。证书类型包括:
- 认证声明 (CD)
- 产品证明中间证书 (PAI)
- 设备认证证书 (DAC)
在调试过程中,Matter 认证设备需要进行证明,即证明其是正品 Matter 认证产品。Matter 设备用于证明的凭据包括:
- 认证密钥对
- 证书链
设备认证证书 (DAC) 是证书链中的第一个环节,由产品认证中间证书 (PAI) 进行验证,而 PAI 又由产品认证机构 (PAA) 进行验证。
证书在生成证明密钥对的同时进行签名,并使用上一级证书授权机构的私钥进行签名,从而形成信任链。因此,DAC 证书由 PAI 密钥签名,而 PAI 证书由 PAA 密钥签名。由于 PAA 证书位于证书链的顶部,因此是自签名证书。此信任链形成一个由分布式合规性账本 (DCL) 同步的联邦 PAA 结构。
如需详细了解证明流程和认证声明 (CD),请参阅其他证明文件和消息以及 Matter 规范。
安装 Matter SDK
以下说明假定您已安装正常运行的 Matter SDK。请参阅 GitHub 上提供的文档,或参阅 Matter 使用入门了解详情。
如果您尚未安装 hexdump 实用程序 xxd
,请进行安装。此工具可用于以 C 样式格式打印凭据:
sudo apt-get install xxd
构建作业 chip-cert
确保您使用的是最新版本的 SDK。这些程序在 GitHub SHA
0b17bce8
的v1.0-branch
分支上进行了测试:$ cd connectedhomeip $ git checkout v1.0-branch $ git pull
build
chip-cert
,该工具用于对 Matter 设备的凭据执行多项操作:配置 build:
$ cd src/credentials $ source ../../scripts/activate.sh $ gn gen out
gn
输出示例:Done. Made 5774 targets from 289 files in 658ms
运行 build:
$ ninja -C out
ninja
输出示例:ninja: Entering directory `out' [2000/2000] stamp obj/default.stamp
创建证书
将自定义 VID/PID 导出为环境变量,以减少在修改命令实参时出现笔误的可能性:
$ cd ../..
$ export VID=hexVendorId
$ export PID=hexProductId
生成 CD
使用
chip-cert
生成 CD。目前,专员仅验证 VID 和 PID 是否与设备在其他位置公开的数据(基本信息集群、DAC 和 DAC 来源 [如果有])相匹配。您可以保持其他字段不变:$ src/credentials/out/chip-cert gen-cd \ --key credentials/test/certification-declaration/Chip-Test-CD-Signing-Key.pem \ --cert credentials/test/certification-declaration/Chip-Test-CD-Signing-Cert.pem \ --out credentials/test/certification-declaration/Chip-Test-CD-${VID}-${PID}.der \ --format-version "1" \ --vendor-id "${VID}" \ --product-id "${PID}" \ --device-type-id "0x1234" \ --certificate-id "ZIG20141ZB330001-24" \ --security-level "0" \ --security-info "0" \ --version-number "9876" \ --certification-type "0"
验证 CD。确保其中包含您的 VID/PID(采用十进制格式):
$ src/credentials/out/chip-cert print-cd credentials/test/certification-declaration/Chip-Test-CD-${VID}-${PID}.der
输出示例:
SignerKeyId value: hex:62FA823359ACFAA9963E1CFA140ADDF504F37160 0x01, tag[Anonymous]: 0xffffffff, type: Structure (0x15), container: 0x04, tag[Context Specific]: 0x0, type: Unsigned Fixed Point (0x04), value: 1 0x08, tag[Context Specific]: 0x1, type: Unsigned Fixed Point (0x04), value: XXXXX // <- VID 0x0A, tag[Context Specific]: 0x2, type: Array (0x16), container: 0x0D, tag[Anonymous]: 0xffffffff, type: Unsigned Fixed Point (0x04), value: XXXXX // <- PID 0x12, tag[Context Specific]: 0x3, type: Unsigned Fixed Point (0x04), value: 4660 0x15, tag[Context Specific]: 0x4, type: UTF-8 String (0x0c), length: 19, value: "ZIG20141ZB330001-24" 0x2B, tag[Context Specific]: 0x5, type: Unsigned Fixed Point (0x04), value: 0 0x2E, tag[Context Specific]: 0x6,type: Unsigned Fixed Point (0x04), value: 0 0x32, tag[Context Specific]: 0x7, type: Unsigned Fixed Point (0x04), value: 39030 0x35, tag[Context Specific]: 0x8, type: Unsigned Fixed Point (0x04), value: 0
生成 PAI 和 DAC
在此示例中,我们将使用 Matter 自己的测试产品证明授权机构 (PAA) 证书和签名密钥 Chip-Test-PAA-NoVID
作为根证书。我们将使用它作为根 CA 来生成我们自己的 PAI 和 DAC。
使用 PAA 生成 PAI。您可以选择在 PAI 中包含 PID 信息,但省略该信息可让您在测试时更加灵活。如果您需要为其他 PID 生成 DAC,只需执行 DAC 生成步骤:
$ src/credentials/out/chip-cert gen-att-cert --type i \ --subject-cn "Matter Test PAI" \ --subject-vid "${VID}" \ --valid-from "2021-06-28 14:23:43" \ --lifetime "4294967295" \ --ca-key credentials/test/attestation/Chip-Test-PAA-NoVID-Key.pem \ --ca-cert credentials/test/attestation/Chip-Test-PAA-NoVID-Cert.pem \ --out-key credentials/test/attestation/"test-PAI-${VID}-key".pem \ --out credentials/test/attestation/"test-PAI-${VID}-cert".pem
使用 PAI 生成 DAC:
$ src/credentials/out/chip-cert gen-att-cert --type d \ --subject-cn "Matter Test DAC 0" \ --subject-vid "${VID}" \ --subject-pid "${PID}" \ --valid-from "2021-06-28 14:23:43" \ --lifetime "4294967295" \ --ca-key credentials/test/attestation/"test-PAI-${VID}-key".pem \ --ca-cert credentials/test/attestation/"test-PAI-${VID}-cert".pem \ --out-key credentials/test/attestation/"test-DAC-${VID}-${PID}-key".pem \ --out credentials/test/attestation/"test-DAC-${VID}-${PID}-cert".pem
验证 DAC、PAI 和 PAA 链。如果输出中未显示任何错误,则表示证书证明链已成功验证:
$ src/credentials/out/chip-cert validate-att-cert \ --dac credentials/test/attestation/"test-DAC-${VID}-${PID}-cert".pem \ --pai credentials/test/attestation/"test-PAI-${VID}-cert".pem \ --paa credentials/test/attestation/Chip-Test-PAA-NoVID-Cert.pem
您可以使用
openssl
检查密钥:$ openssl ec -noout -text -in \ credentials/test/attestation/test-DAC-${VID}-${PID}-key.pem
输出示例:
read EC key Private-Key: (256 bit) priv: c9:f2:b3:04:b2:db:0d:6f:cd:c6:be:f3:7b:76:8d: 8c:01:4e:0b:9e:ce:3e:72:49:3c:0e:35:63:7c:6c: 6c:d6 pub: 04:4f:93:ba:3b:bf:63:90:73:98:76:1e:af:87:79: 11:e6:77:e8:e2:df:a7:49:f1:7c:ac:a8:a6:91:76: 08:5b:39:ce:6c:72:db:6d:9a:92:b3:ba:05:b0:e8: 31:a0:bf:36:50:2b:5c:72:55:7f:11:c8:01:ff:3a: 46:b9:19:60:28 ASN1 OID: prime256v1 NIST CURVE: P-256
您还可以使用
openssl
检查生成的证书:$ openssl x509 -noout -text -in \ credentials/test/attestation/test-DAC-${VID}-${PID}-cert.pem
输出示例:
Certificate: Data: Version: 3 (0x2) Serial Number: 2875998130766646679 (0x27e9990fef088d97) Signature Algorithm: ecdsa-with-SHA256 Issuer: CN = Matter Test PAI, 1.3.6.1.4.1.37244.2.1 = hexVendorId Validity Not Before: Jun 28 14:23:43 2021 GMT Not After : Dec 31 23:59:59 9999 GMT Subject: CN = Matter Test DAC 0, 1.3.6.1.4.1.37244.2.1 = hexVendorId, 1.3.6.1.4.1.37244.2.2 = hexProductId Subject Public Key Info: Public Key Algorithm: id-ecPublicKey Public-Key: (256 bit) pub: 04:4f:93:ba:3b:bf:63:90:73:98:76:1e:af:87:79: 11:e6:77:e8:e2:df:a7:49:f1:7c:ac:a8:a6:91:76: 08:5b:39:ce:6c:72:db:6d:9a:92:b3:ba:05:b0:e8: 31:a0:bf:36:50:2b:5c:72:55:7f:11:c8:01:ff:3a: 46:b9:19:60:28 ASN1 OID: prime256v1 NIST CURVE: P-256 X509v3 extensions: X509v3 Basic Constraints: critical CA:FALSE X509v3 Key Usage: critical Digital Signature X509v3 Subject Key Identifier: 21:0A:CA:B1:B6:5F:17:65:D8:61:19:73:84:1A:9D:52:81:19:C5:39 X509v3 Authority Key Identifier: 37:7F:24:9A:73:41:4B:16:6E:6A:42:6E:F5:E8:89:FB:75:F8:77:BB Signature Algorithm: ecdsa-with-SHA256 Signature Value: 30:45:02:20:38:8f:c5:0d:3e:90:95:dd:7d:7c:e9:5a:05:19: 1f:2d:14:08:a3:d7:0e:b5:15:6d:d3:b0:0b:f7:b8:28:4d:bf: 02:21:00:d4:05:30:43:a6:05:00:0e:b9:99:0d:34:3d:75:fe: d3:c1:4e:73:ff:e7:05:64:7a:62:8d:2d:38:8f:fd:4d:ad
PAA
类似的过程也可用于生成自签名 PAA,但这样做并非必要。
我们在此处使用的是不包含 VID 信息的现有自签名开发 PAA。
如需查看生成 CD 的更多示例,请参阅 credentials/test/gen-test-cds.sh
。如需查看生成 PAA、PAI 和 DAC 的更多示例,请参阅 credentials/test/gen-test-attestation-certs.sh
。
替换证书
替换 PAA 和 PAI
- 运行以下辅助脚本,该脚本使用 CHIP 证书工具 (
chip-cert
) 生成证书的 C 样式数组。
#!/bin/bash # # generate-embeddable-certs.sh script # —---------------------------------- # # This script generates self-minted DAC and PAI. # The output may easily be included in your C++ source code. # # Edit this information with your paths and certificates folder="credentials/test/attestation" chip_cert_tool="src/credentials/out/chip-cert" cert_file_der="${folder}/test-PAI-${VID}-cert.der" cert_file_pem="${folder}/test-PAI-${VID}-cert.pem" key_file_pem="${folder}/test-PAI-${VID}-key.pem" type="Pai" printf "namespace chip {\n" printf "namespace DevelopmentCerts {\n\n" printf "#if CHIP_DEVICE_CONFIG_DEVICE_PRODUCT_ID == ${PID}\n\n" printcert() { # convert cert to DER if [ -f "${cert_file_der}" ]; then rm "${cert_file_der}" fi "${chip_cert_tool}" convert-cert "${cert_file_pem}" "${cert_file_der}" --x509-der printf "// ------------------------------------------------------------ \n" printf "// ${type} CERTIFICATE ${cert_file_der} \n\n" printf "constexpr uint8_t ${type}_Cert_Array[] = {\n" less -f "${cert_file_der}" | od -t x1 -An | sed 's/\0x/g' | sed 's/\>/,/g' | sed 's/^/ /g' printf "};\n\n" printf "ByteSpan k${type}Cert = ByteSpan(${type}_Cert_Array);\n\n" printf "// ${type} PUBLIC KEY FROM ${key_file_pem} \n\n" printf "constexpr uint8_t ${type}_PublicKey_Array[] = {\n" openssl ec -text -noout -in "${key_file_pem}" 2>/dev/null | sed '/ASN1 OID/d' | sed '/NIST CURVE/d' | sed -n '/pub:/,$p' | sed '/pub:/d' | sed 's/\([0-9a-fA-F][0-9a-fA-F]\)/0x\1/g' | sed 's/:/, /g' printf "};\n\n" printf "ByteSpan k${type}PublicKey = ByteSpan(${type}_PublicKey_Array);\n\n" printf "// ${type} PRIVATE KEY FROM ${key_file_pem} \n\n" printf "constexpr uint8_t ${type}_PrivateKey_Array[] = {\n" openssl ec -text -noout -in "${key_file_pem}" 2>/dev/null | sed '/read EC key/d' | sed '/Private-Key/d' | sed '/priv:/d' | sed '/pub:/,$d' | sed 's/\([0-9a-fA-F][0-9a-fA-F]\)/0x\1/g' | sed 's/:/, /g' printf "};\n\n" printf "ByteSpan k${type}PrivateKey = ByteSpan(${type}_PrivateKey_Array);\n\n" } # generates PAI printcert type="Dac" cert_file_der="${folder}/test-DAC-${VID}-${PID}-cert.der" cert_file_pem="${folder}/test-DAC-${VID}-${PID}-cert.pem" key_file_pem="${folder}/test-DAC-${VID}-${PID}-key.pem" # generates DAC printcert printf "#endif // CHIP_DEVICE_CONFIG_DEVICE_PRODUCT_ID\n" printf "} // namespace DevelopmentCerts\n" printf "} // namespace chip\n"
将 PAI 和 DAC 输出的内容复制到
DeviceAttestationCredentialsProvider::GetProductAttestationIntermediateCert
的实现中。在生产设备上,PAI 和 DAC 位于出厂数据中,而 CD 则嵌入在固件本身中。
如果您尚未使用 Factory Data,不妨将 PAI 放在
src/credentials/examples/ExampleDACs.cpp
中。在这种情况下,将生成的代码附加到ExampleDACs.cpp
文件中:ByteSpan kDacCert = ByteSpan(kDevelopmentDAC_Cert_FFF1_801F); ByteSpan kDacPrivateKey = ByteSpan(kDevelopmentDAC_PrivateKey_FFF1_801F); ByteSpan kDacPublicKey = ByteSpan(kDevelopmentDAC_PublicKey_FFF1_801F); #endif } // namespace DevelopmentCerts } // namespace chip /* ------------------------------------------ */ /* current end-of-file */ /* ------------------------------------------ */ /* ------------------------------------------ */ /* output of creds-codelab.sh script */ /* ------------------------------------------ */ namespace chip { namespace DevelopmentCerts { #if CHIP_DEVICE_CONFIG_DEVICE_PRODUCT_ID == hexProductId ... ByteSpan kDacPrivateKey = ByteSpan(Dac_PrivateKey_Array); #endif // CHIP_DEVICE_CONFIG_DEVICE_PRODUCT_ID } // namespace DevelopmentCerts } // namespace chip
如果您使用的是出厂数据或自定义凭据提供程序,请务必将凭据插入到相应位置。您可能需要向 SoC 提供商咨询有关平台规格的具体信息。
更换 CD
使用
xxd
提取 CD 文件内容的文本表示形式:$ xxd -i credentials/test/certification-declaration/Chip-Test-CD-${VID}-${PID}.der
输出示例:
unsigned char credentials_test_certification_declaration_Chip_Test_CD_hexVendorId_hexProductId_der[] = { 0x30, 0x81, 0xe9, 0x06, 0x09, 0x2a, 0x86, 0x48, 0x86, 0xf7, 0x0d, 0x01, 0x07, 0x02, 0xa0, 0x81, 0xdb, 0x30, 0x81, 0xd8, 0x02, 0x01, 0x03, 0x31, 0x0d, 0x30, 0x0b, 0x06, 0x09, 0x60, 0x86, 0x48, 0x01, 0x65, 0x03, 0x04, 0x02, 0x01, 0x30, 0x45, 0x06, 0x09, 0x2a, 0x86, 0x48, 0x86, 0xf7, 0x0d, 0x01, 0x07, 0x01, 0xa0, 0x38, 0x04, 0x36, 0x15, 0x24, 0x00, 0x01, 0x25, 0x01, 0xfe, 0xca, 0x36, 0x02, 0x05, 0xce, 0xfa, 0x18, 0x25, 0x03, 0x34, 0x12, 0x2c, 0x04, 0x13, 0x5a, 0x49, 0x47, 0x32, 0x30, 0x31, 0x34, 0x31, 0x5a, 0x42, 0x33, 0x33, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x31, 0x2d, 0x32, 0x34, 0x24, 0x05, 0x00, 0x24, 0x06, 0x00, 0x25, 0x07, 0x76, 0x98, 0x24, 0x08, 0x00, 0x18, 0x31, 0x7d, 0x30, 0x7b, 0x02, 0x01, 0x03, 0x80, 0x14, 0x62, 0xfa, 0x82, 0x33, 0x59, 0xac, 0xfa, 0xa9, 0x96, 0x3e, 0x1c, 0xfa, 0x14, 0x0a, 0xdd, 0xf5, 0x04, 0xf3, 0x71, 0x60, 0x30, 0x0b, 0x06, 0x09, 0x60, 0x86, 0x48, 0x01, 0x65, 0x03, 0x04, 0x02, 0x01, 0x30, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x08, 0x2a, 0x86, 0x48, 0xce, 0x3d, 0x04, 0x03, 0x02, 0x04, 0x47, 0x30, 0x45, 0x02, 0x20, 0x53, 0x25, 0x03, 0x2c, 0x96, 0x50, 0xb6, 0x64, 0xf4, 0x18, 0xbf, 0x99, 0x47, 0xf8, 0x9d, 0xe6, 0xeb, 0x43, 0x94, 0xf1, 0xce, 0xb2, 0x61, 0x00, 0xe0, 0xf9, 0x89, 0xa8, 0x71, 0x82, 0x02, 0x0a, 0x02, 0x21, 0x00, 0xea, 0x0a, 0x40, 0xab, 0x87, 0xad, 0x7e, 0x25, 0xe1, 0xa1, 0x6c, 0xb1, 0x12, 0xfa, 0x86, 0xfe, 0xea, 0x8a, 0xaf, 0x4b, 0xc1, 0xf3, 0x6f, 0x09, 0x85, 0x46, 0x50, 0xb6, 0xd0, 0x55, 0x40, 0xe2 }; unsigned int credentials_test_certification_declaration_Chip_Test_CD_hexVendorId_hexProductId_der_len = 236; ```
将您在上一步中提取的文本复制到用于在 build 中定义 CD 的文件。与 PAI 和 DAC 类似,具体操作方法取决于您使用的开发平台。
如果您使用的是凭据示例,可能需要替换 ExampleDACProvider::GetCertificationDeclaration
中 kCdForAllExamples
的内容,在 src/credentials/examples/DeviceAttestationCredsExample.cpp
中:
const uint8_t kCdForAllExamples[] = {
0x30, 0x81, 0xe9, 0x06, 0x09, 0x2a, 0x86, 0x48, 0x86, 0xf7, 0x0d, 0x01,
0x07, 0x02, 0xa0, 0x81, 0xdb, 0x30, 0x81, 0xd8, 0x02, 0x01, 0x03, 0x31,
0x0d, 0x30, 0x0b, 0x06, 0x09, 0x60, 0x86, 0x48, 0x01, 0x65, 0x03, 0x04,
0x02, 0x01, 0x30, 0x45, 0x06, 0x09, 0x2a, 0x86, 0x48, 0x86, 0xf7, 0x0d,
0x01, 0x07, 0x01, 0xa0, 0x38, 0x04, 0x36, 0x15, 0x24, 0x00, 0x01, 0x25,
0x01, 0xfe, 0xca, 0x36, 0x02, 0x05, 0xce, 0xfa, 0x18, 0x25, 0x03, 0x34,
0x12, 0x2c, 0x04, 0x13, 0x5a, 0x49, 0x47, 0x32, 0x30, 0x31, 0x34, 0x31,
0x5a, 0x42, 0x33, 0x33, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x31, 0x2d, 0x32, 0x34, 0x24,
0x05, 0x00, 0x24, 0x06, 0x00, 0x25, 0x07, 0x76, 0x98, 0x24, 0x08, 0x00,
0x18, 0x31, 0x7d, 0x30, 0x7b, 0x02, 0x01, 0x03, 0x80, 0x14, 0x62, 0xfa,
0x82, 0x33, 0x59, 0xac, 0xfa, 0xa9, 0x96, 0x3e, 0x1c, 0xfa, 0x14, 0x0a,
0xdd, 0xf5, 0x04, 0xf3, 0x71, 0x60, 0x30, 0x0b, 0x06, 0x09, 0x60, 0x86,
0x48, 0x01, 0x65, 0x03, 0x04, 0x02, 0x01, 0x30, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x08, 0x2a,
0x86, 0x48, 0xce, 0x3d, 0x04, 0x03, 0x02, 0x04, 0x47, 0x30, 0x45, 0x02,
0x20, 0x53, 0x25, 0x03, 0x2c, 0x96, 0x50, 0xb6, 0x64, 0xf4, 0x18, 0xbf,
0x99, 0x47, 0xf8, 0x9d, 0xe6, 0xeb, 0x43, 0x94, 0xf1, 0xce, 0xb2, 0x61,
0x00, 0xe0, 0xf9, 0x89, 0xa8, 0x71, 0x82, 0x02, 0x0a, 0x02, 0x21, 0x00,
0xea, 0x0a, 0x40, 0xab, 0x87, 0xad, 0x7e, 0x25, 0xe1, 0xa1, 0x6c, 0xb1,
0x12, 0xfa, 0x86, 0xfe, 0xea, 0x8a, 0xaf, 0x4b, 0xc1, 0xf3, 0x6f, 0x09,
0x85, 0x46, 0x50, 0xb6, 0xd0, 0x55, 0x40, 0xe2
};
构建目标
使用新创建的凭据构建并刷写目标设备。此部分取决于平台。如需了解详情,请参阅 SoC 文档或支持的设备。
调试设备
您现在可以按照配对 Matter 设备中已介绍的步骤,在 Google Home platform 上调试 Matter 设备。
使用 chip-tool
调试问题
chip-tool
是一款可用于检查设备是否发送正确证书的实用工具。如需构建该应用,请执行以下操作:
$ cd examples/chip-tool
$ gn gen out/debug
Done. Made 114 targets from 112 files in 157ms
$ ninja -C out/debug
ninja: Entering directory `out/debug'
$ cd ../..
如需启用其他日志,请务必在每次运行 chip-tool
时传递 --trace_decode 1
标志。此外,最好使用 --paa-trust-store-path
标志传递 PAA 文件的路径。
因此,如需使用 BLE 调试 Thread 设备,您可以运行以下命令:
```
$ examples/chip-tool/out/debug/chip-tool pairing ble-thread 1 \
hex:Thread_credentials \
pairing_code \
discriminator \
--paa-trust-store-path <path to PAA folder> \
--trace_decode 1
```
对于测试设备,<PAIRING CODE>
为 20202021
,<DISCRIMINATOR>
为 3840
。
如需从 Google Nest Hub (2nd gen) 获取 Thread 凭据,您可以运行以下命令:
$ adb connect border_router_ip_address
$ adb -e shell ot-ctl dataset active -x
$ adb disconnect
如需调试 Wi-Fi 设备,您可以使用 ble-wifi
选项:
$ examples/chip-tool/out/debug/chip-tool pairing ble-wifi 1 "SSID" SSID_password pairing_code discriminator